Common Abbreviations

Abbreviation	Description
ADR	American Depositary Receipt
ADS	American Depositary Share
Approx.	Approximately
bn	Billions
bp	Basis points
CAGR	Compound Annual Growth Rate
Capex	Capital expenditure
CEPS	Cash Earnings Per Share
CFPS	Cash Flow Per Share
CY97	Calendar year 1997
EBITDA	Earnings Before Interest, Tax, Depreciation & Amortisation
EBT/PBT	Earnings / Profit Before Tax
ECU	European Currency Unit
EV	Enterprise Value (Market Cap plus debt / Market Cap minus debt)
LFL	Like for Like
m	Millions
MoM	Month on month
NAV	Net Asset Value
p.a. or pa.	Per Annum
P/BV	Price to Book Value
PE	Price Earnings Ratio (MV / Earnings Rate per share) (not PE or P/E)
Q1 98	First quarter (not 1Q98 or Q1 98)
QoQ	Quarter on quarter
ROA	Return on Assets
ROCE	Return On Capital Employed
ROCI	Return On Capital Investment
ROE	Return On Equity
y/y	Year to year
YoY	Year on year
YTD	Year to date

Hyphenated Words

Half-year
Full-year
Break-up
Duty-free
Co-operate
12-month
Take-off
First-half
Non-current
Co-ordinate
Profit-taking
US-based
Pan-European
De-rating

These are one word

Buyback (noun)
Cashflow
Coefficient
Halfway
Notwithstanding
Outperform
Overrated
Overweight
Salesforce
Shareholder
Stockbroker
Underperformance
Underweight
Website
Worldwide